Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Trichlorination of a Teicoplanin-Type Glycopeptide Antibiotic by the Halogenase StaI Evades Resistance

doi: 10.1128/AAC.01540-18

Figure Lengend Snippet: MIC of GPAs measured against vancomycin-sensitive and -resistant strains

Article Snippet: The antibiotic activity of DSH- A47934 was tested against B. subtilis 168, vancomycin-sensitive enterococci (VSE; Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, E. faecalis JH2-2, and E. faecalis ATCC 49383) and vancomycin-resistant clinical strains VRE A ( E. faecium ATCC 700221 with inducible resistance by vancomycin and teicoplanin) and VRE B ( E. faecalis ATCC 51299, 36875, and CO559 with inducible resistance by vancomycin but not teicoplanin) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Detection of vancomycin resistances in enterococci within 3 ½ hours

doi: 10.1038/srep08217

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Vancomycin effect scores of E. faecalis strains plotted over time: PLS-LDA model trained with Raman spectra of treated (red, S V) and untreated (black, S C) sensitive strain after at least 30 min of vancomycin incubation. All data of t = 0 min and data of treated (blue, R V) and untreated (green, R C) resistant strain is projected. At t = 0 min all scores are close together and overlapping, indicating the same starting conditions. At t = 30 min sensitive and the low-level resistant strain show equal vancomycin effect values, treated and untreated strains can be separated. At 60 min the vancomycin effect score of the resistant strain starts to separate from the sensitive strain and reaches between 90 and 120 min negative vancomycin effect values, whereas the sensitive strain remains at positive vancomycin effect score values. The control samples all show up with negative vancomycin effect values and resistant and sensitive strain are not separated, indicating, that the model does not separate between strains but with respect to vancomycin response. (b) Time dependency of the vancomycin effect scores is included in the model by pairing vancomycin effect scores of E. faecalis at 60 min and 120 min and plotting against each other. A LDA is performed with these new scores and the separation line between treated sensitive and resistant strain is drawn in black. Both groups are very well separated from each other. (c) Data of E. faecium (treated and untreated, sensitive and resistant strains, same color code as above) is projected into the vector space spanned by the PLS-LDA shown in (a). In contrast to the low level resistant E. faecalis strain in (a) the high level resistant E. faecium strain immediately separates from the sensitive one and behaves like the control samples. (d) The 60 min and 120 min scores in figure (c) are paired to include time dependency in the model.

Article Snippet: Enterococcus faecium DSMZ 20477 (MIC vancomycin = 1 μg/ml, sensitive) and the E. faecium patient isolate HSVanA from the Jena University Hospital (MIC > 1024 μg/ml, VRE) were grown in LB medium (Roth GmbH).

Techniques: Incubation, Control, Plasmid Preparation